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| Phentermine, a contraction for "phenyl-tertiary-butylamine", is an appetite suppressant of the amphetamine and phenethylamine class. It is approved as an appetite suppressant to help reduce weight in obese patients when used short-term and combined with exercise, diet, and behavioral modification. It is typically prescribed for individuals who are at increased medical risk because of their weight and works by helping to release certain chemicals in the brain that control appetite. Commercial trade names Adipex P (Immediate release) Anoxine-AM Ionamin (Slow Release Resin, Australia, discontinued in the US) Duromine (Slow Release Resin, New Zealand, Australia & South Africa) Fastin Mirapront Obephen Obermine Obestin-30 Phentremene Phentrol Phenterex Phentromin Pro-Fast SA Redusa Panbesy Phentermine Trenker Obenix Oby-Trim Teramine Zantryl Sinpet (MX) Supremin (PH) Umine (NZ) Weltmine (KP) History: In 1959 phentermine first received approval from the FDA as an appetite suppressing drug. Phentermine hydrochloride then became available in the early 1970s. It was previously sold as Fastin from King Pharmaceuticals for SmithKline Beecham, however in 1998 it was removed from the market. Medeva Pharmaceuticals sells the name brand of phentermine called Ionamin and Gate Pharmaceuticals sells it as Adipex-P. Phentermine is also currently sold as a generic. Since the drug was approved in 1959 there have been almost no clinical studies performed. The most recent study was in 1990 which combined phentermine with fenfluramine or dexfenfluramine and became known as Fen-Phen.[citation needed] In 1997 after 24 cases of heart valve disease in Fen-Phen users, fenfluramine and dexfenfluramine were voluntarily taken off the market at the request of the FDA. Studies later proved that nearly 30% of people taking fenfluramine or dexfenfluramine had abnormal valve findings. The FDA did not ask manufacturers to remove phentermine from the market. Phentermine is still available by itself in most countries, including the U.S. However, because it is similar to amphetamines, it is classified as a controlled substance in many countries. Internationally, phentermine is a schedule IV drug under the Convention on Psychotropic Substances.In the United States, it is classified as a Schedule IV controlled substance under the Controlled Substances Act. Side effects: Generally, phentermine appears to be relatively well tolerated.It can produce side effects consistent with its catecholamine-releasing properties, e.g., tachycardia (increased heart rate) and elevated blood pressure, but the incidence and magnitude of these appear to be less than with the amphetamines. Because phentermine acts through sympathomimetic pathways, the drug may increase blood pressure and heart rate. It may also cause palpitations, restlessness, and insomnia. Additionally, phentermine has the potential to cause physical and psychological dependence. More common: Insomnia Hypertension Irritability Nervousness Euphoria Dry mouth Unpleasant taste Blurred vision Heartburn/Acid reflux Changes in libido Clumsiness Confusion Diarrhea Dizziness Headache Arrhythmia Nausea or vomiting Psychosis Skin rash or itching Stomach pain Fatigue Less common: Convulsions (seizures) Dizziness Fever Hallucinations Hostility with urge to attack Irregular blood pressure Lightheadedness or fainting Periods of mania followed by period of depression Tremors, trembling or shaking Overactive reflexes Panic Restlessness Severe nausea, vomiting or diarrhea Stomach cramps Weakness 75fnsz4kwq |
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